When to plant in Monmouth, IL

Planting dates worked out from Monmouth's own frost records, not a generic zone chart.

Safe to plant out

May 2

1 year in 10 has a later frost

Average last frost

Apr 19

about a 50% chance of a later one

Average first fall frost

Oct 15

1 year in 10 by Oct 2

Frost-free days

174

median, 1991–2020

Station used: Monmouth · 3.7 km away · station 220 m, town 232 m. How we match towns to stations

This season

Plan your garden.

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Planting dates for common crops

Crop	Start indoors	Plant out or sow	Harvest from
Tomato	Mar 7 – Mar 21	May 2 – May 16	Jun 26
Sweet pepper	Feb 21 – Mar 7	May 2 – May 16	Jul 1
Lettuce (leaf)	Feb 15 – Feb 22	Mar 22 – Apr 5	May 1
Peas	—	Mar 22 – Apr 19	May 16
Bush beans	—	Apr 25 – May 16	Jun 14
Carrot	—	Mar 31 – May 12	May 30
Beet	—	Mar 31 – May 12	May 20
Potato	—	Mar 31 – Apr 21	Jun 9
Kale	Feb 15 – Mar 1	Mar 29 – Apr 12	May 11
Broccoli	Feb 8 – Feb 22	Mar 22 – Apr 12	May 21
Cucumber	Apr 4 – Apr 11	May 2 – May 16	Jun 21
Summer squash and zucchini	Apr 4 – Apr 11	May 2 – May 16	Jun 16
Winter squash	Apr 4 – Apr 11	May 2 – May 16	Jul 21
Sweet corn	—	Apr 25 – May 16	Jun 24
Onion (from sets)	—	Mar 22 – Apr 12	Jun 20
Garlic	—	Oct 1 – Oct 29 (fall)	following summer
Spinach	—	Mar 22 – Apr 19	Apr 29
Basil	Mar 21 – Apr 4	May 2 – May 16	Jun 28

Plan all 65 crops for Monmouth

Monmouth's weather over time

How the growing season has shifted here, year by year, from the station's own records.

Each year's last spring frostLong-term trend

See the data as a table

Year	Last spring frost
1894	May 20
1895	May 14
1896	Apr 9
1897	May 31
1898	Apr 11
1899	Apr 19
1900	May 5
1901	Apr 21
1902	Apr 24
1903	May 1
1904	Apr 27
1905	Apr 18
1906	May 9
1907	May 11
1908	May 2
1909	May 2
1910	May 5
1911	May 3
1912	Apr 19
1913	Apr 29
1914	Apr 20
1915	Apr 13
1916	Apr 9
1917	May 7
1918	May 1
1919	Apr 26
1920	May 14
1921	Apr 18
1922	Apr 29
1923	May 9
1924	Apr 11
1925	May 25
1926	Apr 26
1927	Apr 24
1928	Apr 27
1929	Apr 15
1930	Apr 26
1931	May 7
1932	Apr 27
1933	Apr 27
1934	Apr 27
1935	May 4
1936	Apr 23
1937	Apr 11
1938	Apr 10
1939	Apr 13
1940	Apr 20
1941	Mar 29
1942	Apr 19
1943	Apr 21
1944	May 6
1945	May 9
1946	Apr 27
1947	May 10
1948	Apr 17
1949	Apr 19
1950	May 1
1951	Apr 23
1952	Apr 16
1953	Apr 20
1954	May 20
1955	Apr 7
1956	Apr 24
1957	May 4
1958	May 6
1959	Apr 22
1960	Apr 18
1961	Apr 29
1962	Apr 20
1963	May 1
1964	Apr 9
1965	Apr 16
1966	May 10
1967	Apr 24
1968	Apr 25
1969	Apr 29
1970	Apr 18
1971	Apr 14
1972	Apr 26
1973	Apr 13
1974	Apr 24
1975	Apr 13
1976	May 7
1977	Apr 29
1978	May 2
1979	Apr 10
1980	Apr 16
1981	Apr 21
1982	Apr 21
1983	May 9
1984	Apr 24
1985	Apr 9
1986	Apr 22
1987	Apr 5
1988	Apr 24
1989	May 7
1990	Apr 18
1991	Mar 30
1992	Apr 12
1993	Apr 17
1994	Apr 7
1995	Apr 10
1996	Apr 27
1997	Apr 25
1998	Apr 5
1999	Apr 20
2000	Apr 12
2003	Apr 11
2004	May 3
2005	May 4
2006	Apr 26
2007	Apr 15
2008	Apr 29
2009	Apr 15
2010	Apr 9
2012	Apr 22
2013	Apr 21
2014	Apr 18
2015	May 1
2016	Apr 13
2017	Apr 8
2018	Apr 29
2019	Apr 28
2020	May 9
2021	Apr 22
2022	Apr 27
2023	Apr 24
2024	Apr 21
2025	Apr 16
2026	Apr 20

Each year's frost-free daysLong-term trend

See the data as a table

Year	Frost-free days
1894	138
1895	147
1896	163
1897	143
1898	185
1899	162
1900	164
1901	150
1902	141
1903	161
1904	178
1905	176
1906	153
1907	154
1908	149
1909	162
1910	169
1911	171
1912	159
1913	145
1914	187
1915	175
1916	183
1918	141
1919	173
1920	139
1921	172
1922	165
1923	163
1924	193
1925	137
1926	152
1927	172
1928	151
1929	190
1930	173
1931	180
1932	166
1933	177
1934	183
1935	152
1936	182
1937	184
1938	196
1939	183
1940	199
1941	212
1942	157
1943	176
1944	158
1945	152
1946	191
1947	142
1948	182
1949	188
1950	155
1951	167
1952	169
1953	169
1954	150
1955	194
1956	148
1957	158
1958	147
1959	172
1960	184
1961	151
1962	152
1963	180
1964	179
1965	190
1966	159
1967	157
1968	161
1969	167
1970	174
1971	200
1972	156
1973	203
1974	150
1975	171
1976	152
1977	166
1978	158
1979	185
1980	171
1981	180
1982	183
1983	178
1984	154
1985	207
1986	193
1987	180
1988	163
1989	149
1990	175
1991	198
1992	187
1993	175
1994	200
1995	164
1996	174
1997	172
1998	199
2000	178
2003	173
2004	151
2005	174
2006	168
2007	195
2008	174
2012	166
2013	183
2015	168
2016	211
2017	203
2018	169
2019	166
2020	147
2021	192
2022	169
2023	172
2024	168
2025	190

Each year's average temperature, April to SeptemberLong-term trend

See the data as a table

Year	Growing-season temperature
1894	19.7 °C
1895	19.6 °C
1896	19.6 °C
1897	19.1 °C
1898	18.9 °C
1899	19.2 °C
1900	19.9 °C
1901	19.3 °C
1902	17.7 °C
1903	18.3 °C
1904	17.6 °C
1905	19.5 °C
1906	20.3 °C
1907	18.1 °C
1908	19.6 °C
1909	19.4 °C
1910	19.2 °C
1911	20.4 °C
1912	19.1 °C
1913	20.3 °C
1914	20.3 °C
1915	18.4 °C
1916	19.2 °C
1917	17.3 °C
1918	19.0 °C
1919	20.0 °C
1920	18.7 °C
1921	20.8 °C
1922	20.0 °C
1923	19.1 °C
1924	17.6 °C
1925	20.1 °C
1926	18.5 °C
1927	18.3 °C
1928	18.2 °C
1929	18.4 °C
1930	19.9 °C
1931	19.7 °C
1932	19.4 °C
1933	20.4 °C
1934	20.9 °C
1935	18.5 °C
1936	21.4 °C
1937	19.5 °C
1938	19.4 °C
1939	19.7 °C
1940	19.1 °C
1941	20.6 °C
1942	19.2 °C
1943	18.6 °C
1944	19.5 °C
1945	18.3 °C
1946	18.8 °C
1947	18.8 °C
1948	19.4 °C
1949	19.2 °C
1950	17.3 °C
1951	18.1 °C
1952	19.5 °C
1953	19.5 °C
1954	20.1 °C
1955	20.8 °C
1956	19.6 °C
1957	19.4 °C
1958	18.7 °C
1959	20.3 °C
1960	19.3 °C
1961	18.3 °C
1962	19.4 °C
1963	19.5 °C
1964	20.0 °C
1965	19.2 °C
1966	18.3 °C
1967	17.7 °C
1968	18.9 °C
1969	19.0 °C
1970	19.5 °C
1971	19.5 °C
1972	19.1 °C
1973	19.2 °C
1974	18.7 °C
1975	18.8 °C
1976	18.9 °C
1977	20.6 °C
1978	19.4 °C
1979	18.7 °C
1980	19.9 °C
1981	19.0 °C
1982	18.5 °C
1983	19.5 °C
1984	18.6 °C
1985	18.8 °C
1986	20.3 °C
1987	21.0 °C
1988	21.3 °C
1989	18.9 °C
1990	18.9 °C
1991	21.3 °C
1992	18.5 °C
1993	19.1 °C
1994	19.6 °C
1995	19.5 °C
1996	18.1 °C
1997	18.1 °C
1998	20.1 °C
1999	19.4 °C
2000	19.4 °C
2003	19.0 °C
2004	19.0 °C
2005	20.4 °C
2006	20.1 °C
2007	20.1 °C
2008	19.3 °C
2012	20.3 °C
2013	18.6 °C
2014	18.3 °C
2015	19.3 °C
2016	19.9 °C
2017	18.9 °C
2018	19.7 °C
2019	19.2 °C
2020	18.3 °C
2021	19.2 °C
2022	18.7 °C
2023	19.5 °C
2024	19.7 °C

What this means for you: Since 1894, Monmouth's last spring frost has come about 1 day earlier per decade, on average. The frost-free season has grown by about 1 days per decade. Year-to-year swings are large, so keep using the safe date rather than the trend.

Source: daily records from Monmouth (NOAA GHCN-Daily). Years with too many missing days are left out.

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