When to plant in Baxter, IA
Planting dates worked out from Baxter's own frost records, not a generic zone chart.
Safe to plant out
May 4
1 year in 10 has a later frost
Average last frost
Apr 19
about a 50% chance of a later one
Average first fall frost
Oct 16
1 year in 10 by Oct 4
Frost-free days
179
median, 1991–2020
Station used: Newton · 16.2 km away · station 293 m, town 306 m. How we match towns to stations
This season
Plan your garden.
Planting dates for common crops
| Crop | Start indoors | Plant out or sow | Harvest from |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tomato | Mar 9 – Mar 23 | May 4 – May 18 | Jun 28 |
| Sweet pepper | Feb 23 – Mar 9 | May 4 – May 18 | Jul 3 |
| Lettuce (leaf) | Feb 22 – Mar 1 | Mar 29 – Apr 12 | May 8 |
| Peas | — | Mar 29 – Apr 26 | May 23 |
| Bush beans | — | Apr 27 – May 18 | Jun 16 |
| Carrot | — | Apr 8 – May 20 | Jun 7 |
| Beet | — | Apr 8 – May 20 | May 28 |
| Potato | — | Apr 8 – Apr 29 | Jun 17 |
| Kale | Feb 22 – Mar 8 | Apr 5 – Apr 19 | May 18 |
| Broccoli | Feb 15 – Mar 1 | Mar 29 – Apr 19 | May 28 |
| Cucumber | Apr 6 – Apr 13 | May 4 – May 18 | Jun 23 |
| Summer squash and zucchini | Apr 6 – Apr 13 | May 4 – May 18 | Jun 18 |
| Winter squash | Apr 6 – Apr 13 | May 4 – May 18 | Jul 23 |
| Sweet corn | — | Apr 27 – May 18 | Jun 26 |
| Onion (from sets) | — | Mar 29 – Apr 19 | Jun 27 |
| Garlic | — | Oct 2 – Oct 30 (fall) | following summer |
| Spinach | — | Mar 29 – Apr 26 | May 6 |
| Basil | Mar 23 – Apr 6 | May 4 – May 18 | Jun 30 |
Baxter's weather over time
How the growing season has shifted here, year by year, from the station's own records.
Each year's last spring frostLong-term trend
See the data as a table
| Year | Last spring frost |
|---|---|
| 1893 | Apr 23 |
| 1894 | May 19 |
| 1895 | May 14 |
| 1896 | Apr 9 |
| 1897 | May 2 |
| 1898 | Apr 7 |
| 1899 | Apr 19 |
| 1949 | Apr 24 |
| 1950 | May 1 |
| 1951 | Apr 23 |
| 1952 | Apr 15 |
| 1953 | May 13 |
| 1954 | May 7 |
| 1955 | Apr 7 |
| 1956 | Apr 30 |
| 1957 | Apr 14 |
| 1958 | Apr 29 |
| 1959 | Apr 22 |
| 1960 | Apr 30 |
| 1961 | May 2 |
| 1962 | Apr 16 |
| 1963 | May 22 |
| 1964 | Apr 9 |
| 1965 | Apr 19 |
| 1966 | May 10 |
| 1967 | May 2 |
| 1968 | Apr 25 |
| 1970 | May 2 |
| 1971 | Apr 14 |
| 1972 | Apr 26 |
| 1974 | May 6 |
| 1975 | Apr 20 |
| 1976 | May 3 |
| 1978 | Apr 21 |
| 1979 | Apr 29 |
| 1980 | Apr 16 |
| 1981 | Apr 15 |
| 1982 | Apr 21 |
| 1983 | Apr 20 |
| 1984 | Apr 17 |
| 1985 | Apr 9 |
| 1986 | Apr 22 |
| 1987 | Apr 4 |
| 1988 | Apr 24 |
| 1989 | May 6 |
| 1990 | Apr 18 |
| 1991 | Apr 10 |
| 1992 | Apr 22 |
| 1993 | Apr 16 |
| 1994 | Apr 29 |
| 1995 | Apr 10 |
| 1996 | Apr 23 |
| 1997 | Apr 17 |
| 1998 | Apr 5 |
| 1999 | Apr 17 |
| 2001 | Apr 19 |
| 2002 | Apr 14 |
| 2003 | Apr 11 |
| 2004 | May 4 |
| 2005 | May 5 |
| 2006 | Apr 9 |
| 2007 | Apr 14 |
| 2008 | Apr 30 |
| 2009 | Apr 12 |
| 2010 | Apr 10 |
| 2011 | May 5 |
| 2012 | Apr 13 |
| 2013 | May 4 |
| 2014 | Apr 19 |
| 2015 | Apr 23 |
| 2016 | Apr 13 |
| 2017 | Apr 8 |
| 2018 | Apr 21 |
| 2019 | Apr 29 |
| 2020 | Apr 18 |
| 2021 | Apr 25 |
| 2022 | Apr 27 |
| 2023 | Apr 25 |
Each year's frost-free daysLong-term trend
See the data as a table
| Year | Frost-free days |
|---|---|
| 1893 | 154 |
| 1894 | 142 |
| 1895 | 138 |
| 1896 | 163 |
| 1897 | 159 |
| 1898 | 189 |
| 1949 | 157 |
| 1950 | 154 |
| 1951 | 167 |
| 1954 | 163 |
| 1955 | 190 |
| 1956 | 161 |
| 1957 | 178 |
| 1958 | 154 |
| 1959 | 169 |
| 1960 | 171 |
| 1961 | 170 |
| 1962 | 189 |
| 1963 | 159 |
| 1964 | 179 |
| 1965 | 175 |
| 1966 | 159 |
| 1967 | 161 |
| 1968 | 161 |
| 1970 | 160 |
| 1971 | 199 |
| 1972 | 156 |
| 1974 | 138 |
| 1975 | 156 |
| 1976 | 155 |
| 1978 | 187 |
| 1979 | 158 |
| 1980 | 171 |
| 1982 | 181 |
| 1983 | 175 |
| 1984 | 164 |
| 1985 | 174 |
| 1986 | 174 |
| 1988 | 163 |
| 1989 | 164 |
| 1990 | 172 |
| 1991 | 179 |
| 1992 | 177 |
| 1993 | 176 |
| 1994 | 178 |
| 1995 | 164 |
| 1996 | 189 |
| 1997 | 186 |
| 1998 | 212 |
| 1999 | 169 |
| 2001 | 180 |
| 2002 | 181 |
| 2003 | 173 |
| 2004 | 150 |
| 2005 | 155 |
| 2006 | 185 |
| 2007 | 193 |
| 2008 | 180 |
| 2009 | 180 |
| 2010 | 201 |
| 2011 | 167 |
| 2012 | 175 |
| 2013 | 171 |
| 2014 | 194 |
| 2015 | 176 |
| 2016 | 182 |
| 2017 | 202 |
| 2018 | 176 |
| 2019 | 165 |
| 2020 | 182 |
| 2021 | 180 |
| 2022 | 163 |
| 2023 | 167 |
Each year's average temperature, April to SeptemberLong-term trend
See the data as a table
| Year | Growing-season temperature |
|---|---|
| 1893 | 17.9 °C |
| 1894 | 20.0 °C |
| 1895 | 19.4 °C |
| 1896 | 18.6 °C |
| 1897 | 18.9 °C |
| 1898 | 19.1 °C |
| 1948 | 20.1 °C |
| 1949 | 19.6 °C |
| 1950 | 17.7 °C |
| 1954 | 19.9 °C |
| 1955 | 21.6 °C |
| 1956 | 19.9 °C |
| 1957 | 19.5 °C |
| 1958 | 19.2 °C |
| 1959 | 20.1 °C |
| 1960 | 19.3 °C |
| 1961 | 18.4 °C |
| 1962 | 19.4 °C |
| 1963 | 20.2 °C |
| 1964 | 19.6 °C |
| 1965 | 19.0 °C |
| 1966 | 18.3 °C |
| 1967 | 18.2 °C |
| 1968 | 19.2 °C |
| 1970 | 19.8 °C |
| 1971 | 19.9 °C |
| 1972 | 17.9 °C |
| 1974 | 17.9 °C |
| 1975 | 18.1 °C |
| 1976 | 18.1 °C |
| 1978 | 18.8 °C |
| 1979 | 17.8 °C |
| 1980 | 19.6 °C |
| 1981 | 18.4 °C |
| 1982 | 18.3 °C |
| 1983 | 19.1 °C |
| 1984 | 18.4 °C |
| 1985 | 19.3 °C |
| 1986 | 20.0 °C |
| 1987 | 20.7 °C |
| 1988 | 21.4 °C |
| 1989 | 19.2 °C |
| 1990 | 19.3 °C |
| 1991 | 20.5 °C |
| 1992 | 17.9 °C |
| 1993 | 18.2 °C |
| 1994 | 19.5 °C |
| 1995 | 19.4 °C |
| 1996 | 18.3 °C |
| 1997 | 18.8 °C |
| 1998 | 19.4 °C |
| 1999 | 18.5 °C |
| 2001 | 18.8 °C |
| 2002 | 18.6 °C |
| 2003 | 18.0 °C |
| 2004 | 17.8 °C |
| 2005 | 19.3 °C |
| 2006 | 18.9 °C |
| 2007 | 19.1 °C |
| 2008 | 17.6 °C |
| 2009 | 17.3 °C |
| 2010 | 19.6 °C |
| 2011 | 18.3 °C |
| 2012 | 19.6 °C |
| 2013 | 18.1 °C |
| 2014 | 17.7 °C |
| 2015 | 18.7 °C |
| 2016 | 19.2 °C |
| 2017 | 18.9 °C |
| 2018 | 18.9 °C |
| 2019 | 18.6 °C |
| 2020 | 18.5 °C |
| 2021 | 19.4 °C |
| 2022 | 18.7 °C |
| 2023 | 19.1 °C |
What this means for you: Since 1893, Baxter's last spring frost has stayed at about the same time of year. The frost-free season has grown by about 2 days per decade. Year-to-year swings are large, so keep using the safe date rather than the trend.
Source: daily records from Newton (NOAA GHCN-Daily). Years with too many missing days are left out.